The specific functions of the MOF are:

• Analysis of the economic condition, formulation, implementation and monitoring of the economic and fiscal policy;
• Allocation of fiscal resources, projection of national investment and fiscal management;
• Macroeconomic stability, formulation, implementation and monitoring of price stability related policy;
• Formulation, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and regulation of policy related to development assistance;
• Operation and regulation of Central Bank, Monetary Policy;
• Formulation, coordination and regulation of policy, rules related to bank and financial institutions; 
• Foreign currency exchange and control; 
• Economic and social development, connection and coordination with bilateral and multilateral institutions related to currency and banking; 
• International treaty and agreements and their implementation related to loan, grant and other bilateral and multilateral assistances;
• Operation of Federal Appropriation Fund or Federal Government Fund, estimation of revenue and  expenditure, Appropriation Act, supplementary estimates, outstanding expenses, borrowing expenses, contingency fund and other government funds;
• Formulation, implementation and regulation of budget
• Government bail;
• Formulation of policy, rules, and regulation of external and internal loan and grants of Federal, State and Local level;
• Subjects related to services, facilities and financial obligations such as salary, allowances, gratuity, pension;
• Policy, rules and standards related to facilities provided to Federal, State and local levels’ public officials;
• Record keeping of government’s dues/arrears and their recovery;
• Implementation, regulation and projection of revenue and its policy, rules, standards, plans;
• Operation and strengthening of revenue administration;
• Implementation and regulation of policy, rules related to public expenditures;  
• Implementation and regulation of policy, rules and standards of economic procedures;
• Pricing policy;
• Accounting and Audit System;
• Account management of government investment and dividends
• Implementation, coordination and regulation of policy related to fiscal transfer between Federal, State and Local levels; 
• Federal appropriation, revenue, divisible fund, guarantee, operation fund and other government fund and assets; 
• Target setting, administration, collection and allocation of revenue such as Customs, Excise Duty, Value added tax, Income tax, Passport fees, Visa fees, Tourism fees and other tax and non-tax fees and charges;
• Coordination, implementation and regulation of bilateral, regional and multilateral treaty and agreements; 
• Information sharing and record management of revenue related statistics;
• Implementation and regulation of policy, rules and standards related to securities and commodity market;
• Policy, rules, standards and its regulation related to insurance;
• Implementation of policy, rules and standards of utilization of revenue and natural resources and its benefit sharing between Federal, State and Local levels; 
• Controlling revenue leakage;
• Office of the Auditor General;
• National Natural Resources and Fiscal Commission;
• Deposit and Credit Guarantee Fund;
• Regulation, control and coordination of government owned enterprises and policy formulation related to salary, allowances, bonus, investment and dividends;
• Training, study and research related to revenue and financial administration; 
• Employee Provident Fund;
• Citizen Investment Fund;
• Retirement Fund;
• Implementation, regulation and monitoring of policy, rules and standards related to government enterprises and their privatization; 
• Operation and regulation of government enterprises, authority, committee, foundation, company;
• Operation of Nepal’s Audit Service;